How to effectively prepare for a STEM major - Computer Science!

Today we've set aside some time to delve into our majors. I'll be sharing insights specifically about the Computer Science/Computer Engineering major. I hope this serves as an opportunity for you to consider your approach to the Computer Science major by exploring specific job roles and salaries.

Today's discussion centers around Computer Science and Computer Engineering majors. Let's explore the types of jobs you might pursue and what your career might entail after graduating with this major. We'll also delve into various occupations and salaries associated with Computer Science.

Before delving into specifics, it's essential to grasp the distinctions between software and hardware, so I'll provide a brief explanation.

Hardware involves the creation of tangible materials that we can manipulate with our hands. Software, on the other hand, involves the development of algorithms or computational formulas that aren't tangible. Computer Engineering encompasses more roles related to hardware compared to Computer Science.

Many individuals work as operating system (OS) developers. It's worth noting that with the rise of autonomous electric vehicles, there's a growing demand for professionals to develop OS specifically tailored for such vehicles.

In the software domain, occupations include Network Database, AI, and Data Analysis.

Now let's delve into Computer Science/Computer Engineering specifically.

We'd like to preface our discussion by stating that the information we'll cover today is based on the "2021 Developer Survey," which surveyed approximately 80,000 developers.

This question inquires about the age at which developers first began coding. While some started coding at a very young age, the majority of developers (more than 53%) mentioned that they were introduced to coding and tried it between the ages of 11 and 17. It's important to dispel the notion that coding must start early and to consider starting after gaining sufficient knowledge in Physics or Mathematics.

Next, let's discuss Developer Types, which encompass various developer occupations. This data is categorized based on the most common types among the surveyed 80,000 individuals. Before diving into detailed explanations, it's beneficial to establish some basic knowledge.

To simplify understanding, we'll explain based on everyday computer web pages or smartphone apps. Items appearing on screens, such as web pages or apps, are termed clients. These elements are displayed on the screen after undergoing specific calculations, with complex tasks like these calculations being executed on the server. A server developer is responsible for developing subsequent operations.

Front-end pertains to the part displaying information smoothly, like the client, while the back-end handles the delivery of information through complex operations behind the scenes, such as the server. In the past, servers were as large as supercomputers, but nowadays, they are operated through cloud services like Amazon Web Service (AWS) to store and back up vast amounts of information.

Let's explore the detailed explanation of Developer Types with basic knowledge.

• Back-end Developer: 

  Develops formulas and commands that operate on the server.
  

• Front-end Developer: 

  Ensures favorable outcomes on web pages and apps.
  

• Full-Stack Developer: 

  Capable of both back-end and front-end work.
  

• Developer, Desktop or Enterprise Application Software: 

  Develops software for internal use within a company.
  

• System Administrator: 

  Manages and oversees server operations to ensure smooth running.
  

• DevOps Specialist: 

  Optimizes developer-created content for widespread use.
  

• Mobile Developer: 

  Develops applications.
  

• Database Administrator: 

  Manages data-related matters on the server.
  

• Designer: 

  Responsible for web page design.
  

• Data Engineer: 

  Manages data delivery.
  

• Data or Business Analyst: 

  Extracts and organizes data.
  

• Data Scientist or Machine Learning Specialist: 

  Creates and operates tools for desired data extraction and develops AI through machine learning.
  

• Embedded Applications or Devices Developer: 

  Creates OS for home appliances.
  

• QA or Test Developer: 

  Evaluates stability through testing.
  

• Engineer, Site Reliability: 

  Manages server stability.
  

• Product Manager: 

  Oversees overall strategy.
  

• Senior Executive (C-Suite, VP, etc.): 

  • Holds various executive roles.

  • Academic Researcher

  • Scientist

  • Student

  • Game or Graphics Developer

  • Educator

• Marketing or Sales Professional
  

This section focuses on the educational background of developers. The majority of developers had completed college or graduate school; 49% held a bachelor's degree, while 25% held a master's degree. Most developers were in their 20s and 30s.

In examining the gender distribution among Computer Science-related developers, it was found that over 92% were men. American companies prioritize gender diversity within their ranks, so it can be inferred that women interested in Computer Science have a strong chance of securing positions in reputable companies. Female students interested in Computer Science may possess a competitive advantage, making it advisable for them to strive for excellence.

Overall, developers across various occupations received competitive salaries. Skilled developers often secure positions in prominent companies like Google, Microsoft, and Facebook (Meta), with ample opportunities also available in firms catering to financial institutions such as Bloomberg and credit card companies.

Based on a survey encompassing 80,000 developers, a significant majority earn salaries exceeding $100,000, reflecting the growing interest in Computer Science.

Today, we delve into Computer Science as a major. This discussion offers insights into Developer Types and various occupations, providing a detailed understanding of different roles. For those pursuing a highly competitive Computer Science major, this information is tailored to help prepare effectively.